Cover; Content; ffirs; Title; Copyright; Preface; Acknowledgments; 1 Introduction; Knowledge of Language; Variation; Language and Society; Sociolinguistics and the Sociology of Language; Methodological Concerns; Further Reading; Overview; Part I Languages and Communities; 2 Languages, Dialects, and Varieties; Language or Dialect?; Standardization; Regional Dialects; Social Dialects; Styles, Registers, and Beliefs; Further Reading; 3 Pidgins and Creoles; Lingua Francas; Definitions; Distribution and Characteristics; Origins; From Pidgin to Creole and Beyond; Further Reading; 4 Codes; Diglossia.
Bilingualism and MultilingualismCode-Switching; Accommodation; Further Reading; 5 Speech Communities; Definitions; Intersecting Communities; Networks and Repertoires; Further Reading; Part II Inherent Variety; 6 Language Variation; Regional Variation; The Linguistic Variable; Social Variation; Data Collection and Analysis; Further Reading; 7 Some Findings and Issues; An Early Study; New York City; Norwich and Reading; A Variety of Studies; Belfast; Controversies; Further Reading; 8 Change; The Traditional View; Some Changes in Progress; The Process of Change; Further Reading.
Part III Words at Work9 Words and Culture; Whorf; Kinship; Taxonomies; Color; Prototypes; Taboo and Euphemism; Further Reading; 10 Ethnographies; Varieties of Talk; The Ethnography of Speaking; Ethnomethodology; Further Reading; 11 Solidarity and Politeness; Tu and Vous; Address Terms; Politeness; Further Reading; 12 Talk and Action; Speech Acts; Cooperation; Conversation; Further Reading; Part IV Understanding and Intervening; 13 Gender; Differences; Possible Explanations; Further Reading; 14 Disadvantage; Codes Again; African American English; Consequences for Education; Further Reading.
15 PlanningIssues; A Variety of Situations; Further Examples; Winners and Losers; Further Reading; 16 Conclusion; References; Index.